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Pair (parliamentary convention) : ウィキペディア英語版 | Pair (parliamentary convention)
In parliamentary practice, pairing is an informal arrangement between the government and opposition parties whereby a member of a House of Parliament agrees or is designated by the party whip to abstain from voting while a member of the other party needs to be absent from the House due to other commitments, illness, travel problems, etc. A pairing would usually be arranged or approved by the party whips and will usually not apply for critical votes, such as no-confidence votes. The member abstaining from voting is referred to as a pair. In the United States, pairing is an informal arrangement between members and the pairs are called live pairs. An alternative method of maintaining the relative voting positions of parties in a legislative body is proxy voting, which is used, for example, in New Zealand.〔New Zealand House of Representatives Standing Orders, sections 155-156.〕 ==Examples==
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